Trato de ejecutar una prueba para mi aplicación de Android, pero obtengo este rastro. ¿Qué significa?
java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't toast on a thread that has not called Looper.prepare()
at android.widget.Toast$TN.<init>(Toast.java:390)
at android.widget.Toast.<init>(Toast.java:114)
at android.widget.Toast.makeText(Toast.java:277)
at android.widget.Toast.makeText(Toast.java:267)
at dev.android.gamex.CatchGame.onDraw(MainActivity.java:317)
at dev.android.gamex.JamieTest.useAppContext(JamieTest.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37)
at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:58)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:375)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:2074)
Tests ran to completion.
mi clase de prueba
package dev.android.gamex;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.widget.TextView;
import org.junit.Ignore;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class JamieTest {
private static final String FAKE_STRING = "HELLO WORLD";
private OnScoreListener onScoreListener = new OnScoreListener() {
@Override
public void onScore(int score) {
}
};
@Mock
Canvas can;
@Test
public void useAppContext() throws Exception {
Context appContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
assertEquals("dev.android.gamex", appContext.getPackageName());
CatchGame cg = new CatchGame(appContext, 5, "Jamie", onScoreListener);
cg.initialize();
assertTrue(! cg.gameOver);
cg.onDraw(new Canvas());
assertTrue(! cg.paused);
}
}
El código que quiero probar está debajo.
package dev.android.gamex;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.support.v4.view.MotionEventCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.Random;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
CatchGame cg;
public TextView textView;
public LinearLayout mainLayout;
String[] spinnerValue = {"Rookie", "Advanced", "Expert", "Master"};
// start app
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mainLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
mainLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
LinearLayout menuLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
menuLayout.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"));
textView = new TextView(this);
textView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
String str = "Score: 0";
textView.setText(str);
menuLayout.addView(textView);
Button button = new Button(this);
button.setText("Pause");
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
togglePausePlay();
}
});
menuLayout.addView(button);
Spinner spinner2 =new Spinner(this);
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(MainActivity.this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, spinnerValue);
spinner2.setAdapter(adapter);
menuLayout.addView(spinner2);
mainLayout.addView(menuLayout);
cg = new CatchGame(this, 5, "Jamie", onScoreListener);
cg.setBackground(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.bg_land_mdpi));
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
}
private void togglePausePlay() {
if (cg.paused) {
// play
// getSupportActionBar().hide();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Play", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
// pause
// getSupportActionBar().show();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Pause", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
cg.paused = !cg.paused;
}
private OnScoreListener onScoreListener = new OnScoreListener() {
@Override
public void onScore(int score) {
textView.setText("Score: " + score);
}
};
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main_menu, menu);
return true;
}
// method called when top right menu is tapped
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
int difficulty = cg.NBRSTEPS;
String name = cg.heroName;
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.item11:
cg = new CatchGame(this, 3, name, onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
case R.id.item12:
cg = new CatchGame(this, 5, name, onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
case R.id.item13:
cg = new CatchGame(this, 7, name, onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
case R.id.item14:
cg = new CatchGame(this, 9, name, onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
case R.id.item15:
cg = new CatchGame(this, 11, name, onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
case R.id.item21:
cg = new CatchGame(this, difficulty, "Jamie", onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
mainLayout.addView(cg);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
case R.id.item22:
cg = new CatchGame(this, difficulty, "Spaceship", onScoreListener);
setContentView(cg);
//mainLayout.addView(cg);
//getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
getSupportActionBar().hide();
//setContentView(mainLayout);
return true;
default:
cg.paused = true;
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
}
interface OnScoreListener {
void onScore(int score);
}
class CatchGame extends View {
int NBRSTEPS; // number of discrete positions in the x-dimension; must be uneven
String heroName;
int screenW;
int screenH;
int[] x; // x-coordinates for falling objects
int[] y; // y-coordinates for falling objects
int[] hero_positions; // x-coordinates for hero
Random random = new Random();
int ballW; // width of each falling object
int ballH; // height of ditto
float dY; //vertical speed
Bitmap falling, hero, jamie2, jamieleft, jamieright;
int heroXCoord;
int heroYCoord;
int xsteps;
int score;
int offset;
boolean gameOver; // default value is false
boolean toastDisplayed;
boolean paused = false;
OnScoreListener onScoreListener;
// constructor, load images and get sizes
public CatchGame(Context context, int difficulty, String name, OnScoreListener onScoreListener) {
super(context);
NBRSTEPS = difficulty;
heroName = name;
this.onScoreListener = onScoreListener;
x = new int[NBRSTEPS];
y = new int[NBRSTEPS];
hero_positions = new int[NBRSTEPS];
int resourceIdFalling = 0;
int resourceIdHero = 0;
if (heroName.equals("Jamie")) {
resourceIdFalling = R.mipmap.falling_object2;
resourceIdHero = R.drawable.left_side_hdpi;
setBackground(getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.background));
}
if (heroName.equals("Spaceship")) {
resourceIdFalling = R.mipmap.falling_object;
resourceIdHero = R.mipmap.ufo;
setBackground(getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.space));
}
falling = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), resourceIdFalling); //load a falling image
hero = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), resourceIdHero); //load a hero image
jamieleft = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.left_side_hdpi); //load a hero image
jamieright = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.right_side_hdpi); //load a hero image
ballW = falling.getWidth();
ballH = falling.getHeight();
}
public CatchGame(Context context, int difficulty, String name, OnScoreListener onScoreListener, Drawable background) {
this(context, difficulty, name, onScoreListener);
this.setBackground(background);
}
// set coordinates, etc.
void initialize() {
if (!gameOver) { // run only once, when the game is first started
int maxOffset = (NBRSTEPS - 1) / 2;
for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
int origin = (screenW / 2) + xsteps * (i - maxOffset);
x[i] = origin - (ballW / 2);
hero_positions[i] = origin - hero.getWidth();
}
int heroWidth = hero.getWidth();
int heroHeight = hero.getHeight();
hero = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(hero, heroWidth * 2, heroHeight * 2, true);
hero = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(hero, heroWidth * 2, heroHeight * 2, true);
jamieleft = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(jamieleft, jamieleft.getWidth()* 2, jamieright.getWidth() * 2, true);
jamieright = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(jamieright, jamieright.getWidth()* 2, jamieright.getWidth() * 2, true);
heroYCoord = screenH - 2 * heroHeight; // bottom of screen
}
for (int i = 0; i < y.length; i++) {
y[i] = -random.nextInt(1000); // place items randomly in vertical direction
}
offset = (NBRSTEPS - 1) / 2; // place hero at centre of the screen
heroXCoord = hero_positions[offset];
// initialize or reset global attributes
dY = 2.0f;
score = 0;
gameOver = false;
toastDisplayed = false;
}
// method called when the screen opens
@Override
public void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
screenW = w;
screenH = h;
xsteps = w / NBRSTEPS;
initialize();
}
// method called when the "game over" toast has finished displaying
void restart(Canvas canvas) {
toastDisplayed = true;
initialize();
draw(canvas);
}
// update the canvas in order to display the game action
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
if (toastDisplayed) {
restart(canvas);
return;
}
super.onDraw(canvas);
int heroHeight = hero.getHeight();
int heroWidth = hero.getWidth();
int heroCentre = heroXCoord + heroWidth / 2;
Context context = this.getContext();
// compute locations of falling objects
for (int i = 0; i < y.length; i++) {
if (!paused) {
y[i] += (int) dY;
}
// if falling object hits bottom of screen
if (y[i] > (screenH - ballH) && !gameOver) {
dY = 0;
gameOver = true;
paused = true;
int duration = Toast.LENGTH_SHORT;
final Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, "GAME OVER!\nScore: " + score, duration);
toast.show();
Handler handler = new Handler();
handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
toast.cancel();
toastDisplayed = true;
}
}, 3000);
//Vibrator v = (Vibrator) context.getSystemService(context.VIBRATOR_SERVICE);
// Vibrate for 3000 milliseconds
//v.vibrate(3000);
}
// if the hero catches a falling object
if (x[i] < heroCentre && x[i] + ballW > heroCentre &&
y[i] > screenH - ballH - heroHeight) {
y[i] = -random.nextInt(1000); // reset to new vertical position
score += 1;
onScoreListener.onScore(score);
}
}
canvas.save(); //Save the position of the canvas.
for (int i = 0; i < y.length; i++) {
canvas.drawBitmap(falling, x[i], y[i], null); //Draw the falling on the canvas.
}
canvas.drawBitmap(hero, heroXCoord, heroYCoord, null); //Draw the hero on the canvas.
canvas.restore();
//Call the next frame.
invalidate();
}
// event listener for when the user touches the screen
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if (paused) {
paused = false;
}
int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);
if (action != MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || gameOver) { // non-touchdown event or gameover
return true; // do nothing
}
int coordX = (int) event.getX();
int xCentre = (screenW / 2) - (hero.getWidth() / 2);
int maxOffset = hero_positions.length - 1; // can't move outside right edge of screen
int minOffset = 0; // ditto left edge of screen
if (coordX < xCentre && offset > minOffset) { // touch event left of the centre of screen
offset--; // move hero to the left
if(coordX < heroXCoord)// + heroWidth / 2)
hero = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(jamieleft, jamieleft.getWidth() , jamieleft.getHeight() , true);
}
if (coordX > xCentre && offset < maxOffset) { // touch event right of the centre of screen
offset++; // move hero to the right
if(coordX > heroXCoord)
hero = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(jamieright, jamieright.getWidth() , jamieright.getHeight() , true);
}
heroXCoord = hero_positions[offset];
return true;
}
}
el repositorio es disponible en linea.
nhoxbypass
NO PUEDE mostrar un Toast
en subprocesos que no son de interfaz de usuario. tienes que llamar Toast.makeText()
(y la mayoría de las otras funciones relacionadas con la interfaz de usuario) de dentro del hilo principal.
podrías usar Actividad#runOnUiThread():
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
final Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, "GAME OVER!\nScore: " + score, duration);
toast.show();
}
});
Si desea ejecutar una prueba de instrumentación en el hilo principal, agregue @UiThreadTest
anotación:
@Test
@UiThreadTest
public void useAppContext() {
// ...
}
PD: También hay muchas otras formas de explicar (usando Handler, Looper, Observable…) en estas publicaciones: Android: Toast en un hilo y no se puede crear un controlador dentro del hilo que no haya llamado a Looper.prepare()
-
No entiendo. ¿Se supone que el hilo está en mi clase principal o en mi clase de prueba?
– Niklas Rosencrantz
28 de noviembre de 2017 a las 16:23
-
@DacSaunders ¡sí! cuando quieras llamar
Toast.makeText().show()
debe ser hilo principal– nhoxbypass
28/11/2017 a las 16:30
-
Pero, ¿cómo se puede probar desde otro hilo que no sea el hilo principal? La llamada es implícita, si miras mi código de prueba. Todavía no entiendo cómo probarlo.
– Niklas Rosencrantz
28 de noviembre de 2017 a las 16:43
-
Entonces, ¿su CatchGame funciona bien cuando se ejecuta pero falla en la prueba? @DacSaunders. Intenta agregar
@UiThreadTest
a tu prueba.– nhoxbypass
28 de noviembre de 2017 a las 16:44
-
Usé tu código en la clase de prueba. Parece que funcionó porque mi cobertura de prueba aumentó: coveralls.io/github/montao/gamex
– Niklas Rosencrantz
28 de noviembre de 2017 a las 17:13
No se puede mostrar un brindis desde un subproceso que no sea de interfaz de usuario. Entonces puede hacer lo siguiente desde el subproceso de trabajo y no requiere Actividad o Contexto
JAVA
new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(mContext, "Toast", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.show();
}
});
KOTLIN
Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "Toast", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
-
Usted dice “no requiere Contexto”, entonces, ¿qué es
mContext
??– usuario2342558
2 de junio de 2021 a las 7:32
-
@usuario2342558
mContext
es el contexto de la aplicación.– Akhil Nair
7 de junio de 2021 a las 13:22
-
Entonces, “no requiere actividad o contexto” no es cierto
– usuario2342558
7 jun 2021 a las 20:32
-
@ user2342558 El controlador permite ejecutar el código en una interfaz de usuario/subproceso principal y para eso no necesita tener una actividad o contexto. El código puede ser cualquier cosa que deba ejecutarse en UI Thread. En este código de muestra, mostramos un Toast y un Toast requiere un Contexto. Por lo tanto, estamos usando un
mContext
.– Akhil Nair
8 de junio de 2021 a las 7:31
-
¡Gracias! FUNCIONA
– Teekam Suthar
22 de septiembre de 2021 a las 16:53
Marlon
En kotlin pon tu código dentro de esto:
runOnUiThread {
Log.i(TAG, "runOnUiThread")
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Play", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
Ejecute su componente de interfaz de usuario con runOnUiThread, esto es lo que hice – KOTLIN
inner class yourThread : Thread() {
override fun run() {
// this is for fragment, you can use 'this' for Activity
requireActivity().runOnUiThread {
// Your Toast
Toast.makeText(requireContext(), "Toasted",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
}
mira esto: stackoverflow.com/a/35189629/4031815
– Código de sentido común
28 de noviembre de 2017 a las 16:12
¿Responde esto a tu pregunta? No se puede crear un controlador dentro del hilo que no haya llamado a Looper.prepare()
– Bink
15 de septiembre a las 21:16